Infection in Renal Transplant Recipients
Section snippets
The Risk of Infection After Transplantation
The risk of infection in the renal transplant recipient is determined by the interaction of 2 factors: (1) the epidemiologic exposures of the patient including the timing, intensity, and virulence of the organisms to which the individual is exposed (Table 1); and (2) the patient’s net state of immunosuppression, a measure of all host factors potentially contributing to the risk for infection (Table 2).
Consideration of these factors for each patient allows the development of a differential
Timetable of Infection
With standardized immunosuppressive regimens, specific infections vary in a predictable pattern depending on the time elapsed since transplantation (Fig. 1). This is primarily a reflection of the changing risk factors over time including surgery/hospitalization, immune suppression, acute and chronic rejection, emergence of latent infections, and exposures to novel community infections. The pattern of infection changes with the immunosuppressive regimen (eg, pulse dose steroids or
General Considerations
The spectrum of infection in the immunocompromised host is quite broad. Given the toxicity of antimicrobial agents and the need for rapid interruption of infection, early specific diagnosis is essential in this population. Advances in diagnostic modalities (computerized tomography [CT] or magnetic resonance imaging scanning and molecular microbiologic techniques) may greatly assist in this process. However, the need for invasive diagnostic tools cannot be overemphasized. Given the diminished
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2021, Transplantation ProceedingsCitation Excerpt :Although immunosuppressive medications play a major role in preventing allograft rejections in SOT recipients, they increase the risk of infections. In 2007, Fishman reported that immunosuppressive medications increase the risk of infection and alter the typical clinical presentation of infection in renal transplantation recipients [10]. In our study, being on prednisone ≥10 mg/d post transplantation was associated with a high risk of viral respiratory tract infections (OR 20, CI 3.5-113.4, and P = .001).
Prevention of infectious diseases in patients with chronic renal failure
2019, Nephrologie et TherapeutiqueInfection in kidney transplant recipients
2019, Kidney Transplantation - Principles and Practice