Respect for persons |
Allpatients’dignity and human rights must be respected
.
Health professionals should provide patients with all health-related information, respect their decision-making and provide appropriate recommendations. Patient’s health-related information should remain confidential.
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Non-maleficence |
Health professionals should only pursue interventions that provide more good than harm.
Allpatientsshould have access to palliative care to minimisesuffering
. Expectant patients should only receive palliation.
Never discriminate on the basis of ethnicity, religion, gender, age or political affiliation.
Avoid complicity with torture (political ethics?)
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Beneficence |
Work to provide the patient with the most good by meeting their physical, psychological, social and/or spiritual needs. Anticipate and prevent future suffering. Protect from violence and coercion (political ethics?)
Show great judiciousness when the good of thepatientor family may be in conflict with the public good (eg,infectious diseases).
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Justice |
Similar patients should be treated similarly regardless of ethnicity, religion, gender, age or political affiliation. Vulnerable patients may require more intensive services.
Health providers and aid workers may require increased health services due to added risks and burdens (principle of reciprocity).
Patient’s autonomy should never be restricted unless for the greater good.
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Solidarity |
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Non-abandonment |
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Double effect |
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