Table 1

Traits and conditions included in survey

TraitCurrently screened for with NIPTClinical relevanceTiming
SexYesNot clinically relevantN/A
Trisomy 21YesIntellectual, physicalCongenital
Trisomies 13 and 18YesIntellectual, physicalCongenital
Mental illnessNoPsychiatricMixed
Non-medical traits such as increased or decreased intelligenceNoNot clinically relevantN/A
Low-functioning autismNoPsychiatric, intellectual, developmentalMixed
High-functioning autismNoPsychiatric, intellectual, developmentalMixed
Impulse control disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)NoPsychiatric, developmentalMixed
Antisocial traitsNoPsychiatricMixed
Sex chromosomal aneuploidies with 20% decrease in intelligence quotient (IQ) and normal fertilityYesIntellectualCongenital
Sex chromosomal aneuploidies with 10% decrease in IQ and infertilityYesIntellectual, fertilityCongenital
DeafnessNoPhysicalCongenital/early
Preventable adult-onset conditions such as heart disease or cancerNoPhysicalAdult
Non-preventable adult-onset conditions such as early-onset Alzheimer diseaseNoPhysical, degenerativeAdult