Table 2

Disentanglement of organoids

Step 1: Tissue donation and consent	The donation of human biological material for the generation of organoids and consent for the generation, biobank storage and use of organoids.
Step 2: Technological transformation	The generation of organoids out of the human biological material (eg, adult stem or progenitor cells, iPSCs, hESCs). The technological transformation can be seen as a patentable intervention.
Step 3: Anonymisation	The pseudonymisation or complete deidentification of organoids.
Step 4: Commodification	The different mechanisms to commodify organoids, such as the establishment of intellectual property rights, price setting for access and use by commercial parties (eg, pharmaceutical companies).
Step 5: Distribution	The national or international distribution of organoids to academic and for-profit parties.