Footnotes

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• Contributors SS helped conceptualise and design the study, assisted in review and coding of data, drafted the initial manuscript, and reviewed and revised the manuscript. FM and KDS provided input into initial study design, designed the data collection instruments, collected data, carried out the data analyses, and reviewed and provided feedback on drafts of the manuscript for important intellectual content. CL and KC provided input into study design, were instrumental in data collection and reviewed and provided comments on the manuscript. JY-F and CP provided input into initial study design and reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content. DW helped conceptualise and design the study, coordinated and supervised data collection and management, and critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content. All authors approved the final manuscript as submitted and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

• Funding All phases of this study were supported by the American Diabetes Association (1-18-ICTS-100).

• Competing interests None declared.

• Patient consent for publication Not required.

• Ethics approval The Seattle Children’s Research Institute Institutional Review Board approved the study.

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

• Data availability statement Data are available upon request.

• Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.