Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-gtxcr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-18T08:12:16.770Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Research Bioethics in the Ugandan Context: A Program Summary

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2021

Extract

Researchers, scientists, and physicians in Uganda have become increasingly aware of the need to develop a systematic approach to reviewing bio-medical research conducted in their country. Much of this awareness and their concern stems from Uganda's high seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the consequent large influx of research monies and HIV researchers from developed countries, including the United States and Great Britain.

We report on the proceedings of a five-day symposium on bioethical principles governing clinical trials, which convened in Jinja, Uganda in September 1994. The thirteen male and female workshop participants included representatives from the Uganda Ministry of Health, Makerere University, the Uganda AIDS Commission, Uganda's National Council of Science and Technology, and the National Chemotherapeutic Laboratory. These representatives included ethicists, physicians, researchers, and pharmacists, all of whom have conducted research themselves. Initial workshop sessions focused on the history of human experimentation and the development of protections for human participants in medical research, both in the United States and internationally.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of Law, Medicine and Ethics 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Pinto, M., “Opening Remarks,” Sociopolitical Aspects of HIV Vaccine Trials, Workshop for HIV Vaccine Evaluations, in Kampala, Uganda, Mar. 1994; and Berkley, S. et al. , “Risk Factors Associated with HIV Infection in Uganda,” Journal of Infectious Disease, 160 (1989): 2229.Google Scholar
Obbo, C., “Women, Children and a ‘Living Wage,’” in Hansen, H.B. Twaddle, M., eds., Changing Uganda (London: James Currey, 1991): 98111.Google Scholar
Ulin, P.S., “African Women and AIDS: Negotiating Behavioral Change,” Social Science and Medicine, 34 (1992): 6373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Briggs, P., Guide to Uganda (Bucks: Bradt Publications, 1994): At 1–2; Mukama, R.G., “Recent Developments in the Language Situation and Prospects for the Future,” in Hansen, H.B. Twaddle, M., eds., Changing Uganda (London: James Currey, 1991): 334–50; and Mutibwa, P., Uganda Since Independence: A Story of Unfulfilled Hopes (Kampala: Fountain, 1992).Google Scholar
Mutibwa, , supra note 4.Google Scholar
Doornbos, M., Not All the King's Men: Inequality as a Political Instrument in Ankole, Uganda (The Hague: Mouton, 1978): At 8–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mutibwa, , supra note 4; and Bond, G.C. Vincent, J., “Living on the Edge: Changing Social Structures in the Context of AIDS,” in Hansen, H.B. Twaddle, M., eds., Changing Uganda (London: James Currey, 1991): 113–29.Google Scholar
Mutibwa, , supra note 4.Google Scholar
Dodge, C.P. Wiebe, P.D., eds., Crisis in Uganda: The Breakdown of Health Services (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985): At 105.Google Scholar
Whyte, S.R., “Medicines and Self-Help: The Prioritization of Health Care in Eastern Uganda,” in Hansen, H.B. Twaddle, M., eds., Changing Uganda (London: James Currey, 1991): 130–48.Google Scholar
Caldwell, J.C. Orubuloye, I.O. Caldwell, P., “Under-reaction to AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa,” in Orubuloye, I.O. et al. , eds., Sexual Networking and AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: Behavioral Research and the Social Context (Canberra: Australian National University, 1994): 217–34.Google Scholar
See Nuremberg Code in Annas, G.J. Grodin, M.A., eds., The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code: Human Rights in Human Experimentation (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992): At 2.Google Scholar
National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research, The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, OS 78–0012, 1978); and Bankowski, Z. Levine, R., eds., Ethics and Research on Human Subjects—International Guidelines (Geneva: Council for International Organization of Medical Sciences/World Health Organization, 1993).Google Scholar
Ijsselmuiden, C.B. Faden, R.R., “Research and Informed Consent in Africa—Another Look,” N. Engl. J. Med., 326 (1992): 830–34; Barry, M. Molyneux, M., “Ethical Dilemmas in Malaria Drug and Vaccine Trials: A Bioethical Perspective,” Journal of Medical Ethics, 18 (1992): 189–92; Newton, L.H., “Ethical Imperialism and Informed Consent,” IRB: A Review of Human Subjects Research, 12, no. 3 (1990): 10–11; and Levine, R.J., “Informed Consent: Some Challenges to the Universal Validity of the Western Model,” Law, Medicine & Health Care, 19 (1991): 207–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stanley, J.M., “The Four Principles in Practice: Facilitating International Medical Ethics,” in Gillon, R., ed., Principles of Health Care Ethics (New York: John Wiley, 1994): 301–02.Google Scholar
Blumgart, H.L., “The Medical Framework for Viewing the Problem of Human Experimentation,” Daedulus, 98 (1989): 248–74.Google Scholar
Kunstadler, P., “Medical Ethics in Cross-Cultural and Multi-Cultural Perspectives,” Social Science and Medicine, 14B (1980): 289–96.Google Scholar
Murray, T.H., “Medical Ethics, Moral Philosophy and Moral Tradition,” Social Science and Medicine, 25 (1987): 637–44; and Arras, J.D., “Getting Down to Cases: The Revival of Casuistry in Bioethics,” Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, 16 (1991): 29–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinto, , supra note 1.Google Scholar
Fox, R. Swazey, J., “Medical Morality is not Bioethics—Medical Ethics in China and the United States,” Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 27 (1984): 336–60; and Lane, S.D., “Research Bioethics in Egypt,” in Gillon, R., ed., Principles of Health Care Ethics (New York: John Wiley, 1994): At 891.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lane, , supra note 20.Google Scholar
McGrath, J.W. et al. , “Cultural Determinants of Sexual Risk Behavior for AIDS among Baganda Women,” Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 6 (1992): 153–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diesing, P., How Does Social Science Work?: Reflections on Practice (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1991): At 104–05.Google Scholar
Good, B.J., Medicine, Rationality, and Experience: An Anthropological Perspective (Cambridge: University of Cambridge Press, 1994): At 88–115.Google Scholar
Caldwell, J.C. et al. , “African Families and AIDS: Context, Reactions, and Potential Interventions,” in Orubuloye, I.O. et al. , eds., Sexual Networking and AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: Behavioral Research and the Social Context (Canberra: Australian National University, 1994): 235–47.Google Scholar
Hoffmaster, B., “Can Ethnography Save the Life of Medical Ethics?,” Social Science and Medicine, 35 (1992): 1421–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kunstadler, , supra note 17.Google Scholar
Gottschalk, J., “Women's Challenges: A Report on the VIIth International Women and Health Meeting, Uganda,” Community Health, 17 (1994): 3844.Google Scholar
Wax, M.L., “Asocial Philosophy and Amoral Social Science,” Wisconsin Sociologist, 21 (1984): 128–40.Google Scholar