Why redundant publications occur
| Percentage who agree | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Reason | Editors (N=71) | Authors (N=64) | |
| *The percentage of respondents who answered “don’t know” to the question was between 10% and 20%. | |||
| Journals: | do not do enough to publicise, criticise, and punish cases | 68* | 72 |
| do not do enough to identify cases during peer review | 49 | 66 | |
| do not publish a clear definition | 34 | 42 | |
| do not think the issue is serious | 6 | 13 | |
| Authors: | feel pressure to amass publications | 75 | 94 |
| do not understand how cases distort the aggregation of data (for example, in systematic reviews or meta-analyses) | 58 | 70 | |
| want to disseminate their research as widely as possible | 54 | 69 | |
| do not think the issue is serious | 51 | 53 | |
| Academic leaders: | do not publicly condemn the practice | 48 | 69 |
| do not think the issue is serious | 25 | 38* | |